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Influenza Pandemic and its implications to Indonesia’s defense universe and national security
1. Background
Traditionally in the place of many years, the concept of pawn has been narrowly defined and interpreted because the preservation of the state from material threats, mainly from external ones. Such narration remains valid in many nations up until today. Following the cold-war era, the rise of more non-traditional threats, such as terrorism, ethnic redemptive, diseases and illegal drugs pose a modern challenge to global and national warranty. These new threats have in some ways required many nations to redefine their view on national security. Globalization has also driven the community of nations to salute the need to reassess the represent fully of affairs in search of quiet of conscience and security through a more sustainable explication that resulted in a new and besides inclusive security paradigm.
In 1994, the United Nations Development Programme (UNPD) issued its chief edition of the Human Development Report, a promulgation that introduced a new concept of stake, called human security.1 This just discovered concept attempts to respond to a numerate of new challenges, mainly on the expanded non-soldier-like aspects, that are faced by the greater number of the world’s population up till today.
The scale of dangers posed ~ means of a pandemic, such as Influenza, like demonstrated by localized outbreaks in the recent years (SARS, bird flu and remain but not least, swine flu), has led the United Nations to fabric pandemics as a global threat. More and greater degree governments recognize pandemic as a general security issue due to its catastrophic implications. Influenza pandemic, admitting that taken lightly, may well become the highest crisis risks to the global population.
In the endure century, the US National Homeland Security Council observed different major influenza pandemics2 that have resulted in greater amount of than 20 million casualties worldwide. A more detailed history is made available by the U.S. Department of Health & Human...
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